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Indication & Dosage |
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Oral |
ADJUNCT IN OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA |
Adult:
250-1000 mg daily in divided doses. |
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Oral |
PREOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA |
Child:
1 mth-12 yr: 10-20 mg/kg daily. Max: 750 mg daily, in 2-4 divided doses |
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Oral |
PREOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA |
Adult:
250-1000 mg daily in divided doses. |
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Oral |
INDUCTION OF DIURESIS |
Adult:
250-375 mg daily or on alternate days. |
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Oral |
ADJUNCT IN OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA |
Child:
1 mth-12 yr: 10-20 mg/kg daily. Max: 750 mg daily, in 2-4 divided doses |
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Oral |
EPILEPSIES (PETIT/MAL, GRAND MAL, MIXED SEIZURES, MYOCLONIC JERKS, AS ADJUNCT) |
Adult:
Either alone or with other antiepileptics: 250-1000 mg. |
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Oral |
EPILEPSIES (PETIT/MAL, GRAND MAL, MIXED SEIZURES, MYOCLONIC JERKS, AS ADJUNCT) |
Child:
Neonates and up to 12 yr: Initially, 2.5 mg/kg bid-tid; maintenance: 5-7 mg/kg bid-tid. Max: 750 mg daily. |
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Oral |
PROPHYLAXIS OF HIGH-ALTITUDE DISORDERS |
Adult:
500-1000 mg daily. Prompt descent is still advised if severe symptoms such as cerebral or pulmonary oedema occur. |
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Intravenous |
CHRONIC OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA |
Adult:
As an adjunct, 250 mg-1 g per 24 hr, usually in divided doses. Adjust dose according to symptomatology and ocular tension |
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Intravenous |
ACUTE CLOSED ANGLE GLAUCOMA |
Adult:
250 mg every 4 hr. Some patients have resopnded to 250 mg bid. |
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Intravenous |
EPILEPSY |
Adult:
8-30 mg/kg daily in divided doses. Optimum dose: 375-1000 mg daily. When used in combination with other anticonvulsants, initiate at 250 mg once daily in addition to existing medications and adjust accordingly. |
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Intravenous |
CHF |
Adult:
Initiate at 250-375 mg once daily in the morning (5 mg/kg) on alternate days. |
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Intravenous |
DRUG-INDUCED OEDEMA |
Adult:
250-375 mg once daily for 1-2 days, alternating with a day of rest |
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Administration |
Should be taken with food. |
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Precautions |
Potassium supplements may be required. Impaired hepatic or renal function; diabetes. Monitor plasma electrolytes and blood count regularly. Caution when driving or operating machinery. Elderly. |
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Potentially Life-threatening
Adverse Drug Reactions |
Drowsiness, paraesthesia, ataxia, dizziness, thirst, anorexia, headache; confusion, malaise, depression; GI distress, metabolic acidosis, polyuria, hyperuricaemia, renal calculi, nephrotoxicity, hepatic dysfunction. |
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Adverse Drug Reactions |
Rarely, skin reactions or blood dyscrasias. |
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Interactions |
Aids penetration of weakly acidic substances like sulphonamides across blood and CSF barrier. May inhibit renal excretion of basic drugs (eg, quinidine, ephedrine, amphetamines) and promotes excretion of acidic drugs. May increase salicylate toxicity (acidosis). Hypokalaemia with corticosteroids and potassium-wasting diuretics. May increase excretion of lithium and primidone. May cause osteomalacia with anticonvulsants. |
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